簡介

學(xué)名?Desmatodon

科名?叢蘚科?Pottiaceae

屬名?鏈齒蘚屬?Desmatodon

中文名?鏈齒蘚屬

中文異名

描述

屬31鏈齒蘚屬Desmatodon?Brid.?　　Mont．Musc．86.?1819.

模式種：鏈齒鮮D.?latifolius?(Hedw.）Brid.

植株矮小，疏叢生。莖短，單生，稀分枝。葉干時(shí)略皺縮，濕時(shí)傾立，常內(nèi)折；呈闊卵圓形、狹長倒卵形、長卵圓形或長橢圓狀舌形；葉邊疣全緣，上部有時(shí)具細(xì)齒，平展，下部稍背卷，有時(shí)具明顯的分化邊緣。中肋長達(dá)葉尖或突出呈短刺芒狀，或呈長毛狀，平滑或具疣；葉細(xì)胞較大，排列疏松、整齊，呈4-6邊形或菱形，薄壁，或稍帶圓形而壁略增厚，背腹兩面均密被馬蹄形或圓環(huán)形細(xì)疣，疣不超出胞腔，故細(xì)胞界限清晰；基部細(xì)胞較長大，呈不規(guī)則長方形，平滑透明。雌雄同株。雄生殖苞具棒褪狀配絲。雌苞葉與一般葉同形。蒴柄長，直立，旋扭或成鵝頸狀彎曲。孢蒴整齊，卵狀圓柱形，具環(huán)帶，成熟后自行卷落。蒴齒具矮的基膜，齒片短而平，呈披針形，常2-3裂，具細(xì)密疣，直立或一次左旋；蒴蓋錐形，具斜喙；蒴帽兜形，平滑。孢子大，黃色或紅棕色，具粗疣。

本屬全世界約有36種，在南北兩半球的溫帶及寒冷地區(qū)均?　　分布。我國記錄有10種，多分布于溫帶較寒冷的高山地區(qū)。

分種檢索表

1.葉邊全緣；孢蒴直立或稍傾立································2

1．葉邊上部具細(xì)齒；孢蒴平列或垂傾·····························7

2.葉呈闊卵形；葉細(xì)胞平滑無疣····················8.

合柱鏈齒蘚D.?systylius

2.葉長卵圓形或長倒卵形；葉細(xì)胞具疣·····························3

3.葉緣無分化邊；葉中肋長不及葉尖，或僅稍突出成小尖頭，不呈長芒狀毛尖．···········4

3.葉緣具明顯的分化邊；葉中肋突出葉尖成長芒狀························5

4.葉片呈等腰三角狀披針形；中肋自葉尖突出成小尖頭·········1.細(xì)葉鏈齒蘚D.?capillaries

4.葉片呈橢圓狀舌形；中肋在葉尖稍下處即消失··········6.

粗疣鏈齒蘚D.?raucopapillosum

5.葉片呈卵形，先端漸尖；葉細(xì)胞的疣不規(guī)則··············7.

北地鏈齒蘚D.?suberectus

5.葉片呈長橢圓狀舌形，先端圓鈍；葉細(xì)胞具馬蹄形或圓環(huán)狀細(xì)疣·················6

6.中肋自葉尖突出呈長毛狀；孢蒴直立···················4.

鏈齒蘚D.?latifolius

6.中肋在近葉尖處即消失，不突出葉尖；孢蒴平列或垂傾··········

·5.泛生鏈齒蘚D.?laureri

7.葉中肋突出葉尖，具短尖頭；葉細(xì)胞平滑無疣············

10.云南鏈齒蘚D.?yunnanensis

7.葉中肋多在葉尖稍下處即消失；葉細(xì)具疣···························8

8.葉邊先端密被尖齒；葉上部細(xì)胞呈多角狀圓形，壁厚，具多數(shù)芽胞體····3.芽胞鏈齒蘚D.?gemmascens

8.葉邊先端疏被微齒；葉上部細(xì)胞呈4-6邊形，壁??；無芽胞體···················9

9.葉呈狹長卵狀披針形，先端漸尖；中肋長達(dá)葉尖··············2.狹葉鏈齒蘚D.?cernuus

9.葉呈橢圓形，先端圓鈍；中肋在葉尖稍下處即消失············9.西藏鏈齒蘚D.?thomsonii